Seville

	Spain
	37.40 ° N 5.90 ° W
	102 ft
	Subtropical dry forest

Csa

Hot-summer Mediterranean climate

Csal

Subtropical climate with dry summer with hot summer with mild winter

Traditional Koppen classification: Csa (Hot-summer Mediterranean climate)

Official definition:

C – temperature of warmest month greater than or equal to 10 °C and temperature of coldest month less than 18 °C, but higher than -3 °C
s – precipitation in the driest month during the summer half year is less than 30 mm and less than one third of the precipitation in the month with highest precipitation in the winter half year.
a - temperature of the warmest month is higher than 22 °C

Cs climate type is characterized by a dry summer and wet winter. In the case of the Csa subtype, the summer tends to be very warm. The average temperature of the warmest month is above 22 °C. The wettest month in the winter usually has three times as much precipitation than the driest month in the summer, which usually has less than 30 mm of rainfall. Summers are therefore quite dry, with relatively little cloudiness and often longer periods with no rain at all. Winters on the other hand are wet and very rarely it snows as well.

Temperatures in the summer reach very high values between 30 and 40 °C. In the winter it is very unusual for the temperatures to fall below freezing point.

The continental Mediterranean climate (Csa) is sometimes also referred to as hot Mediterranean climate. The higher temperatures are the result of the fact that the places are usually deeper inland. The Csa subtype is more common than the other Cs climates and usually represents what most people imagine under the term “Mediterranean climate”.

It can be found for example around the Mediterranean sea in Europe, in Southwest Australia, Southwestern part of South Africa, some parts in Central Asia and in Northern California. Other places also include some microregions such as the Spanish capital Madrid, Italian Rome, American Los Angeles or Perth in Australia.

Modern Trewartha classification: Csal (Subtropical climate with dry summer with hot summer with mild winter)

Subtropical in the Koppen and Trewartha classification is defined as a region, where at least eight months has an average temperature of more than 10 °C, but the coldest month has an average temperature of less than 18 °C. The individual subtypes then differ in their annual precipitation distribution. In Trewartha classification there is a condition of maximum annual precipitation of 900 mm.

In general the subtropical climate is usually found in areas polewards from the tropical zones. It can also be found inside tropical zones at places with higher altitude. Typical are for example citrus trees or palm trees.

The Cs subtype in the Trewartha classification represents a subtropical climate with dry summer, sometimes referred to as the Mediterranean climate. It is characterized by hot and dry summers and mild winters, during which most of the precipitation is observed. High pressure is the dominating factor in the summer, when precipitation is very small and if there is some, it is usually in the form of very short, but intense thunderstorms. In the winter it can sometimes snow, especially at higher altitudes, but in general the winters are mild.

This climate type is most common in western coasts of continents in the middle latitudes, for example it includes areas on the West coast of the U.S. such as California, Southern Europe or Southwest tip of Australia.

hot summer: warmest month with average temperature between 23 and 28 °C
mild winter: coldest month with average temperature between 10 and 18 °C

Summary

65 °F
55 / 77

23.9 in
57 days

68 %

7 h 54 min/day

Temperature

	Month												Average
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Average
Min Temperature(°F)	43.0	43.0	48.0	52.0	55.0	63.0	68.0	68.0	64.0	57.0	50.0	45.0	55.0
Avg Temperature(°F)	51.0	53.0	57.0	61.0	67.0	74.0	80.0	80.0	76.0	67.0	58.0	52.0	65.0
Max Temperature (°F)	59.0	63.0	68.0	73.0	79.0	90.0	97.0	97.0	90.0	79.0	68.0	61.0	77.0
Range	16.0	20.0	20.0	21.0	24.0	27.0	29.0	29.0	26.0	22.0	18.0	16.0	22.0

	Max month	Min month	Annual range
Min Temperature	Jul, Aug	Jan, Feb	25.0°F
Avg Temperature	Jul, Aug	Jan	29.0°F
Max Temperature	Jul, Aug	Jan	38.0°F
Temperature range	Jul, Aug	Jan, Dec	54.0°F

													Average
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Average
Min Temperature(°F)
Avg Temperature(°F)
Max Temperature(°F)

	Mar, Apr, May				Jun, Jul, Aug				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dec, Jan, Feb
	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range
Min Temperature	55.0	48.0	51.67	7.0	68.0	63.0	66.33	5.0	64.0	50.0	57.00	14.0	45.0	43.0	43.67	2.0
Avg Temperature	67.0	57.0	61.67	10.0	80.0	74.0	78.00	6.0	76.0	58.0	67.00	18.0	53.0	51.0	52.00	2.0
Max Temperature	79.0	68.0	73.33	11.0	97.0	90.0	94.67	7.0	90.0	68.0	79.00	22.0	63.0	59.0	61.00	4.0

Temperature

	Month												Average
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Average
Avg Temperature (°F)	51.0	53.0	57.0	61.0	67.0	74.0	80.0	80.0	76.0	67.0	58.0	52.0	65.0

	Max month	Min month	Annual range
Avg Temperature	Jul, Aug	Jan	29.0°F

	Month												Average
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Average
Avg Temperature (°F)

	Mar, Apr, May				Jun, Jul, Aug				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dec, Jan, Feb
	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range
Avg Temperature	67.0	57.0	61.67	10.0	80.0	74.0	78.00	6.0	76.0	58.0	67.00	18.0	53.0	51.0	52.00	2.0

Humidity

	Month												Average
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Average
Avg Humidity (%)	80.0	76.0	74.0	67.0	64.0	58.0	54.0	55.0	63.0	70.0	78.0	81.0	65.0

	Max month	Min month	Annual range
Avg Humidity	Dec	Jul	27.0%

	Month												Average
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Average
Avg Humidity (%)

	Mar, Apr, May				Jun, Jul, Aug				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dec, Jan, Feb
	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range	Max	Min	Average	Range
Avg Humidity	74.0	64.0	68.33	10.0	58.0	54.0	55.67	4.0	78.0	63.0	70.33	15.0	81.0	76.0	79.00	5.0

Precipitation

	Month												Monthly average	Annual total
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Monthly average	Annual total
Average monthly precipitation (in)	3.3	2.8	2.2	2.4	1.2	0.8	0.1	0.3	0.8	2.4	4.0	3.6	2.0	23.9
Wetdays	8	6	9	7	5	1	0	0	2	5	6	8	5	57
Wetdays ratio (%)	25.8 8,23	21.4 6,22	29.0 9,22	23.3 7,23	16.1 5,26	3.3 1,29	0.0 0,31	0.0 0,31	6.7 2,28	16.1 5,26	20.0 6,24	25.8 8,23	15.6 15.6164,84.3836

	Max month	Min month	Max Season	Min Season	Annual range
Average monthly precipitation	Nov	Jul	Winter	Summer	3.9in
Wetdays	Mar	Jul, Aug	Autumn	Summer	9

	Month
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Average monthly precipitation (in)
Wetdays / month

	Mar, Apr, May				Jun, Jul, Aug				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dec, Jan, Feb
	Max	Min	Range	Total	Max	Min	Range	Total	Max	Min	Range	Total	Max	Min	Range	Total
Average monthly precipitation (in)	2.4	1.2	1.2	5.7	0.8	0.1	0.7	1.2	4.0	0.8	3.2	7.3	3.6	2.8	0.8	9.8
Wetdays	9	5	4	21	1	0	1	1	67	2	65	127	8	6	2	22

Precipitation

	Month												Monthly average	Annual total
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Monthly average	Annual total
Average monthly precipitation (in)	3.3	2.8	2.2	2.4	1.2	0.8	0.1	0.3	0.8	2.4	4.0	3.6	2.0	23.9

	Max month	Min month	Max Season	Min Season	Annual range
Average monthly precipitation	Nov	Jul	Winter	Summer	3.9in

	Month
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Average monthly precipitation (in)

	Mar, Apr, May				Jun, Jul, Aug				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dec, Jan, Feb
	Max	Min	Range	Total	Max	Min	Range	Total	Max	Min	Range	Total	Max	Min	Range	Total
Average monthly precipitation (in)	2.4	1.2	1.2	5.7	0.8	0.1	0.7	1.2	4.0	0.8	3.2	7.3	3.6	2.8	0.8	9.8

Sunlight / Day length

			Max day length	Min day length	Sunlight/Day length
Jan	323 min 5 h 23 min	594 min 9 h 54 min 594,846	617 min 10 h 17 min (31.1.) 617,823	577 min 9 h 37 min (1.1.) 577,863	54.4 % 323,271
Feb	386 min 6 h 26 min	649 min 10 h 49 min 649,791	680 min 11 h 20 min (29.2.) 680,760	619 min 10 h 19 min (1.2.) 619,821	59.5 % 386,263
Mar	360 min 6 h 0 min	719 min 11 h 59 min 719,721	755 min 12 h 35 min (31.3.) 755,685	683 min 11 h 23 min (1.3.) 683,757	50.1 % 360,359
Apr	470 min 7 h 50 min	791 min 13 h 11 min 791,649	823 min 13 h 43 min (30.4.) 823,617	757 min 12 h 37 min (1.4.) 757,683	59.4 % 470,321
May	576 min 9 h 36 min	851 min 14 h 11 min 851,589	873 min 14 h 33 min (31.5.) 873,567	825 min 13 h 45 min (1.5.) 825,615	67.7 % 576,275
Jun	674 min 11 h 14 min	881 min 14 h 41 min 881,559	884 min 14 h 44 min (20.6.) 884,556	874 min 14 h 34 min (1.6.) 874,566	76.5 % 674,207
Jul	698 min 11 h 38 min	865 min 14 h 25 min 865,575	881 min 14 h 41 min (1.7.) 881,559	844 min 14 h 4 min (31.7.) 844,596	80.7 % 698,167
Aug	665 min 11 h 5 min	812 min 13 h 32 min 812,628	842 min 14 h 2 min (1.8.) 842,598	780 min 12 h 60 min (31.8.) 780,660	81.9 % 665,147
Sep	522 min 8 h 42 min	743 min 12 h 23 min 743,697	777 min 12 h 57 min (1.9.) 777,663	709 min 11 h 49 min (30.9.) 709,731	70.2 % 522,221
Oct	390 min 6 h 30 min	672 min 11 h 12 min 672,768	706 min 11 h 46 min (1.10.) 706,734	638 min 10 h 38 min (31.10.) 638,802	58.1 % 390,282
Nov	336 min 5 h 36 min	609 min 10 h 9 min 609,831	636 min 10 h 36 min (1.11.) 636,804	587 min 9 h 47 min (30.11.) 587,853	55.2 % 336,273
Dec	288 min 4 h 48 min	577 min 9 h 37 min 577,863	585 min 9 h 45 min (1.12.) 585,855	574 min 9 h 34 min (21.12.) 574,866	49.9 % 288,289
Year	514 min 8 h 34 min	730 min 12 h 10 min 730,710	884 min 14 h 44 min (19. 6.) 884,556	574 min 9 h 34 min (20. 12.) 574,866	70.3 % 514,217

	Mar, Apr, May				Jun, Jul, Aug				Sep, Oct, Nov				Dec, Jan, Feb
	Max	Min	Average	Sunlight/day	Max	Min	Average	Sunlight/day	Max	Min	Average	Sunlight/day	Max	Min	Average	Sunlight/day
(min/day)	576	360	469	59.6% 469,318	698	665	679	79.6% 679,174	522	336	416	61.7% 416,259	386	288	332	54.9% 332,273
Day length	873	683	787	59.6% 469,318	884	780	853	79.6% 679,174	777	587	675	61.7% 416,259	680	574	606	54.9% 332,273

Day length

		Max day length	Min day length
Jan	594 min 9 h 54 min 594,846	617 min 10 h 17 min (Array.1.) 617,823	577 min 9 h 37 min (1.1.) 577,863
Feb	649 min 10 h 49 min 649,791	680 min 11 h 20 min (Array.2.) 680,760	619 min 10 h 19 min (1.2.) 619,821
Mar	719 min 11 h 59 min 719,721	755 min 12 h 35 min (Array.3.) 755,685	683 min 11 h 23 min (1.3.) 683,757
Apr	791 min 13 h 11 min 791,649	823 min 13 h 43 min (Array.4.) 823,617	757 min 12 h 37 min (1.4.) 757,683
May	851 min 14 h 11 min 851,589	873 min 14 h 33 min (Array.5.) 873,567	825 min 13 h 45 min (1.5.) 825,615
Jun	881 min 14 h 41 min 881,559	884 min 14 h 44 min (Array.6.) 884,556	874 min 14 h 34 min (1.6.) 874,566
Jul	865 min 14 h 25 min 865,575	881 min 14 h 41 min (Array.7.) 881,559	844 min 14 h 4 min (31.7.) 844,596
Aug	812 min 13 h 32 min 812,628	842 min 14 h 2 min (Array.8.) 842,598	780 min 12 h 60 min (31.8.) 780,660
Sep	743 min 12 h 23 min 743,697	777 min 12 h 57 min (Array.9.) 777,663	709 min 11 h 49 min (30.9.) 709,731
Oct	672 min 11 h 12 min 672,768	706 min 11 h 46 min (Array.10.) 706,734	638 min 10 h 38 min (31.10.) 638,802
Nov	609 min 10 h 9 min 609,831	636 min 10 h 36 min (Array.11.) 636,804	587 min 9 h 47 min (30.11.) 587,853
Dec	577 min 9 h 37 min 577,863	585 min 9 h 45 min (Array.12.) 585,855	574 min 9 h 34 min (21.12.) 574,866
Year	730 min 12 h 10 min 730,710	884 min 14 h 44 min (21. 6.) 884,556	574 min 9 h 34 min (22. 12.) 574,866

	Mar, Apr, May			Jun, Jul, Aug			Sep, Oct, Nov			Dec, Jan, Feb
	Max	Min	Average	Max	Min	Average	Max	Min	Average	Max	Min	Average
Day length	873	683	787	884	780	853	777	587	675	680	574	606

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